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Control statements in core Java

Control statement in core Java

Control statements in Java manage the flow of execution, enabling decision-making and repetition. The if, else, and switch statements allow conditional execution, while loops like for, while, and do-while enable repeated execution of code. These statements are essential for controlling program behavior based on conditions or iteration.

Types of control Statements

  1. Decision-Making: if, if-else, if-else if-else, switch
  2. Loops: for, while, do-while
  3. Jump Statements: break, continue, return

1. Decision-Making Statements

if: Executes a block of code if the condition is true.

if (condition) { // code to execute  }

if-else: Executes one block of code if the condition is true, and another if false.

if (condition) { // code for true 
 } else { // code for false  }

if-else if-else: Allows multiple conditions to be tested sequentially.

if (condition1) { 
// code for condition1 
 } else if (condition2) { 
// code for condition2  
} else {
 // code if no conditions are true  }

switch: Compares a variable to multiple possible values and executes the corresponding block.

switch (variable) {
 case value1: // code for value1  
break;
 case value2: 
// code for value2 
 break; 
default:
 // default code 
 }

2.Looping Statements

for: Executes a block of code for a specific number of iterations.

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
 // code to execute  
}

while: Repeats a block of code as long as the condition is true (condition checked before execution).

while (condition) {
 // code to execute  
}

do-while: Similar to while, but checks the condition after execution (ensures at least one execution).

do { // code to execute 
 } while (condition);

3.Jump Statements

break: Exits the current loop or switch statement.

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 
if (i == 3) {
 break; // exits the loop when i is 3 
 } 
}

continue: Skips the current iteration of a loop and moves to the next iteration

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { 
if (i == 3) { 
continue; // skips when i is 3 
 } 
System.out.println(i);
 }

return: Exits from the current method and optionally returns a value.

int sum(int a, int b) { 
return a + b; 
// exits the method and returns the result 
}

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